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Using a VPN is a terrific way to shield your internet traffic when you're traveling, but it's not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shot's iPhone, they asked Apple for a back door to get past the encryption. But no such back door existed, and Apple refused to make one. The FBI needed to employ hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a back door or comparable hack exists, it becomes a target, a prize for the poor guys. It'll flow sooner or later. In a discussion at Black Hat last summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed that the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update thembut the poor guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to keep a document key you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you could lock it up in a protected. The two main approaches in encryption utilities parallel with these options.
One type of product simply processes files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. The other creates a virtual disk that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the virtual drive, all the files you put into it are completely inaccessible. .
Similar to the virtual drive solution, a few products store your encrypted information in the cloud. This strategy requires extreme care, obviously. Encrypted data in the cloud has a far bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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That is better It actually depends on how you plan to use encryption. If you're not sure, take advantage of the 30-day free trial offered by each of these products to get a feel for the different options.
After you copy a document into protected storage, or make an encrypted version of it, you absolutely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Simply deleting it isn't sufficient, even if you bypass the Recycle Bin, because the information still exists on disk, and data recovery utilities can often get it back. .
Some encryption products avoid this issue by encrypting the document in location, literally overwriting it on disc with an encrypted version. It is more common, though, to offer secure deletion as an option. If you choose a product that lacks this attribute, you should find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting information before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based retrieval tools. Hardware-based forensic recovery works because the magnetic recording of information on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the process involves nulling out the known information and reading around the borders of what is left.
An encryption algorithm is similar to a black box. Dump a document, picture, or other document into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back through the box, using the same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has depended on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and all the products gathered here service AES. Even those that support other algorithms tend to recommend using AES.
If you're an encryption expert, click for source you may prefer another algorithm, Blowfish, possibly, or the Soviet government's GOST. For the average user, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you must keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you receive two keys. One is public; you can discuss it with anyone, enroll it in a key exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you like. The other is personal, and needs to be closely guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I just encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this system in reverse, you can create a digital signature that proves your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Exactly To encrypt it with your private key. The simple fact your public key decrypts it is all of the proof you need. PKI service is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to talk about a document with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are different options for sharing. Many products enable creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You may also find that the recipient can use a free, decryption-only tool.